Nezha 2: Mysterious Artifacts from Shanxi Hidden in Yuxu Palace
最近《哪吒2》一夜之间火爆全球，当镜头转到玉虚宫的时候，好多小伙伴突然发现里面出现了山西古建屋脊上最常见的一种建筑构件——鸱吻。屋顶上的这个“小怪兽”，以前可是古人的“避雷神器”，在大同博物馆就收藏着两件琉璃鸱吻，都来自大同市华严寺薄伽教藏殿。
Recently, Nezha 2 has become an overnight global sensation. When the scene shifts to Yuxu Palace, many viewers suddenly notice a common architectural component found on the ridge of ancient Shanxi buildings – the chiwen. This "little monster" on the rooftop was once an ancient "lightning protection device". The Datong Museum houses two glazed chiwen, both originating from the Bhagavad Sutra Hall of Huayan Temple in Datong City.
鸱吻造型为龙首鱼尾遍饰鳞纹，其形象生动且庄重，具有辽代建筑的典型特征，同时也延续了，鸱吻在唐宋时期古朴大气的特点。鸱吻是中国古建筑上最常见的一种建筑构件，传说鸱吻一惯兴风作浪、善吞火，又喜欢登高远眺，因此古人将它的形象放在高高的屋顶上，张开大嘴，吞住屋脊。
The chiwen is adorned with scaled patterns and features a dragon's head and a fish's tail, presenting a vivid yet dignified image. It exemplifies the typical architectural characteristics of the Liao Dynasty while also continuing the rustic and majestic traits of chiwen from the Tang and Song dynasties. The chiwen is one of the most common architectural components found in ancient Chinese buildings. Legend has it that the chimera is accustomed to stirring up troubles and has a voracious appetite for fire, while also enjoying climbing high places to gaze out. Therefore, ancient people placed its image on the towering rooftops, with its mouth wide open, swallowing the ridge of the roof.
鸱吻可以严密封固正脊与檐角的相交处，使雨水不容易通过缝隙渗入，当遇到雷电天气时，高出屋脊的鸱吻可以率先接触电流，然后通过自身爆裂的方式中和电流避免电荷骤然积聚引发爆燃，从而起到一定的防火、避雷作用。
The chiwen can tightly seal the intersection between the main ridge and eaves corners, making it difficult for rainwater to seep through gaps. During thunderstorms, the chiwen, which protrudes above the ridge, can be the first to come into contact with electrical current. By neutralizing the current through self-fracture, it prevents the sudden accumulation of charges that could lead to an explosion, thereby playing a role in fire prevention and lightning protection.
鸱吻有很多名字，比如螭(chī)吻、鸱尾等，又因为它出现在屋顶正脊两端，所以也叫正吻。据研究，鸱尾出现于东晋以后，其造型来自一种凶猛的鸟，唐代以后，鸱尾造型逐渐出现张口的兽头，并且开始将鸱尾改称鸱吻，宋代之后，出现了龙头鱼尾、张口吞屋脊的鸱吻形象。
The chiwen has many names, such as chiwen, chiwei, and is also called Zhengwen because it appears at both ends of the main ridge on the rooftop. Research shows that chiwei emerged after the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with its design inspired by a fierce bird. After the Tang Dynasty, the design of chiwei gradually evolved into an open-mouthed beast head, and the term chiwei began to be replaced by chiwen. After the Song Dynasty, the image of chiwen with a dragon's head, a fish's tail, and an open mouth swallowing the ridge emerged.
山西传统建筑精妙绝伦，每一个构件都别具洞天，鸱吻构件是山西古建筑文化中的一个缩影，也是山西人智慧和审美体现.
The traditional architecture of Shanxi is exquisitely magnificent, with each component revealing a unique world. The chiwen component is a microcosm of Shanxi's ancient architectural culture and a reflection of the wisdom and aesthetics of the Shanxi people.
来源：山西网络广播电视台
Source: Shanxi Network Television (SXNTV)