【Shanxi's Cultural Landscape】Roots of Chinese Civilization (Yuncheng)
——五千年文明看山西
——Exploring 5,000 Years of Civilization in Shanxi
“文脉里的中国·山西站”推出了五大文脉主题线路，上一期我们走了临汾，这一期车轮继续向南，驶入运城，打开“华夏之根”的另一半拼图。
The "Along the Cultural Landscape of China · Shanxi" campaign has launched five cultural themed routes. Last time we explored Linfen; this time, our journey continues southward into Yuncheng, uncovering the other half of the "Roots of Chinese Civilization."
运城，古称“河东”，是中华文明的重要发祥地之一。这里不仅有帝舜的陵寝、女娲补天的传说，还有中国最早的火种、唐代的铁牛、忠义千秋的关二爷。
Yuncheng, known in ancient times as "Hedong" (East of the Yellow River), is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization. Here you will find the mausoleum of Emperor Shun, the legend of Nüwa mending the heavens, the earliest evidence of fire in China, Tang Dynasty iron oxen, and the enduring legacy of Guan Yu—the embodiment of loyalty and righteousness.
今天这条“华夏之根”运城线，全程约300公里，建议安排2-3天。让我们从临汾前往运城，一路感受什么叫“五千年文明看山西，山西根祖在河东”。
This Yuncheng route on the "Roots of Chinese Civilization" covers approximately 300 kilometers and is best experienced over 2–3 days. Starting from Linfen to Yuncheng, you’ll come to understand why "five thousand years of Chinese civilization is best witnessed in Shanxi, and the roots of Shanxi lie in Hedong."
永济黄河铁牛——唐代浮桥的镇河遗珍
Yongji Yellow River Iron Oxen – Tang Dynasty Relics That Anchored a Floating Bridge
位置：位于永济市蒲州古城西门外、黄河东岸的蒲津渡遗址。
Location: Pujindu Site, west of Puzhou Ancient City, Yongji City, on the east bank of the Yellow River.
交通：从临汾出发，沿京昆高速（G5）向南行驶，转运风高速，在“永济西”出口下高速，按路牌前往“蒲津渡遗址”即可，全程约150公里，车程约2小时。
Driving directions: From Linfen, take G5 Jingkun Expressway south, then transfer to Yunfeng Expressway. Exit at "Yongji West" and follow the signs to "Pujindu Site" – approximately 150 km, about 2 hours.
黄河铁牛铸于唐开元年间，用于固定黄河浮桥，原为八尊，每尊重约30吨。现四尊铁牛被完整发掘出土，仍蹲踞于黄河东岸，气势雄浑。铁牛旁尚有铁人、铁柱等唐代遗物，是研究唐代冶金、桥梁工程与雕塑艺术的重要实物资料，至今仍能触摸到唐代铁质文物的厚重质感。
Cast during the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, these iron oxen were originally eight in number, each weighing about 30 tons. They were used to anchor a floating bridge across the Yellow River. Four of the oxen have been fully excavated and still stand on the east bank of the river, exuding immense power. Beside them are Tang-era iron figures and iron pillars. These relics are invaluable for studying Tang Dynasty metallurgy, bridge engineering, and sculpture. Even today, you can touch the heavy, textured surface of this ancient ironwork.
芮城西侯度遗址——人类最早用火的证据
Xihoudu Site, Ruicheng – The Earliest Evidence of Human Fire Use
位置：位于运城市芮城县风陵渡镇以北约7公里的黄河岸边。
Location: About 7 km north of Fenglingdu Town, Ruicheng County, on the banks of the Yellow River.
交通：从永济黄河铁牛出发，沿运风高速继续向西南方向行驶约50公里，在“风陵渡”出口下高速，再沿县道向北约15分钟即达，导航搜索“西侯度遗址”即可，车程约50分钟。
Driving directions: From Yongji Iron Oxen, continue southwest on Yunfeng Expressway for about 50 km, exit at "Fenglingdu," then drive north on the county road for about 15 minutes. Navigate to "Xihoudu Site" – about a 50-minute drive.
西侯度遗址是中国境内发现最早的旧石器时代文化遗址之一，距今约180万年。遗址中出土的烧骨，是人类最早使用火的确凿证据，将人类用火的历史推至距今约180万年前。遗址上建有“圣火台”，为全国第二届青年运动会圣火采集地，现代设计与传统黄土地貌形成鲜明对比。
The Xihoudu Site is one of the earliest Paleolithic cultural sites discovered in China, dating back approximately 1.8 million years. Burned bones unearthed here provide solid evidence of early human fire use, pushing back the history of fire mastery by humans to roughly 1.8 million years ago. A "Sacred Flame Platform" has been built on the site, which served as the flame collection point for the 2nd National Youth Games. Its modern design contrasts sharply with the traditional loess landscape.
解州关帝庙——天下武庙之冠
Haizhou Guandi Temple – The Supreme Temple of the God of War
位置：位于运城市盐湖区解州镇，距运城市区约25公里。
Location: Haizhou Town, Yanhu District, Yuncheng City, about 25 km from downtown.
交通：从西侯度遗址返回风陵渡，沿运风高速向北行驶，在“解州”出口下高速，行驶约5分钟即到，导航搜索“解州关帝庙”即可，车程约1小时。
Driving directions: From Xihoudu Site, return to Fenglingdu, then head north on Yunfeng Expressway, exit at "Haizhou," and drive about 5 minutes to the temple. Navigate to "Haizhou Guandi Temple" – about a 1-hour drive.
解州关帝庙是全球规模最大、规制最高、保存最完整的关帝庙建筑群，被誉为“关庙之祖”。解州是关羽故里，此庙相当于关公的祖祠。庙中建筑包括春秋楼、崇宁殿、刀楼、印楼等，规模宏大，雕饰精美。庙内供奉的关帝铜像威严庄重，每年海内外关公信众前来谒祭者络绎不绝。
The Haizhou Guandi Temple is the largest, highest-ranking, and best-preserved temple complex dedicated to Guan Yu in the world. It is often called the "Ancestral Temple of Guan Temples." Jiezhou is Guan Yu's hometown, so this temple also serves as his ancestral shrine. The complex includes the Spring and Autumn Pavilion, Chongning Hall, Saber Tower, and Seal Tower, all grand in scale and richly decorated. The bronze statue of Guan Yu inside is both dignified and imposing. Every year, countless devotees from around the world come here to pay homage.
舜帝陵——中华德圣长眠之地
Mausoleum of Emperor Shun – Resting Place of the Sage of Virtue
位置：位于运城市盐湖区北相镇西曲马村，距运城市中心约15公里。
Location: Xiquma Village, Beixiang Town, Yanhu District, Yuncheng City, about 15 km from downtown.
交通：从解州关帝庙出发，沿运永线（S336）或运风高速返回运城市区方向，转复旦大道或解放路向北，导航搜索“舜帝陵景区”即可，车程约30分钟。
Driving directions: From Haizhou Guandi Temple, take Yunyong Line (S336) or Yunfeng Expressway back toward downtown Yuncheng, then transfer to Fudan Avenue or head north on Jiefang Road. Navigate to "Mausoleum of Emperor Shun" – about a 30-minute drive.
舜帝陵被誉为“华夏德圣第一陵”，是中华民族道德文化的重要发源地。陵冢始建于夏朝，现存建筑多为明清重修。穿过神道与石像生，古柏参天，肃穆庄严。每年农历九月，这里会举行盛大的舜帝德孝文化节。
Known as the "First Mausoleum of Virtue in China," this site is a key birthplace of China's moral and ethical culture. The tomb mound was first built in the Xia Dynasty, though most of the existing structures date from the Ming and Qing dynasties. A walk along the spirit path lined with stone animals and officials leads you through ancient cypress trees and inscribed steles, creating a solemn, dignified atmosphere. Every year in the ninth lunar month, a grand public memorial ceremony honors Emperor Shun.
其余景点简介
Brief Introductions to Other Sites
稷王庙位于稷山县，供奉农耕始祖后稷，木雕极为精美，是晋南三座稷王庙中最华丽的一座。
Jiwang Temple (Jishan County): Dedicated to Houji, the god of agriculture. Its exquisite wood carvings make it the most ornate of the three Jiwang Temples in southern Shanxi.
后土祠位于万荣县，被誉为“海内祠庙之冠”，汉武帝曾多次来此祭拜，秋风楼上可远眺黄河。
Houtu Temple (Wanrong County): Known as the "Crown of Temples Within the Seas." Emperor Wu of Han visited several times to worship here. From the Autumn Wind Pavilion, you can gaze far into the distance at the Yellow River.
傅说祠位于平陆县，纪念殷商贤相傅说。傅说发明“版筑”技术，孟子“傅说举于版筑之间”即指此人。
Fu Yue Shrine (Pinglu County): Commemorates Fu Yue, a virtuous minister of the Shang Dynasty who invented the "rammed earth" building technique. Mencius mentions him in the saying, "Fu Yue was raised among the rammed‑earth builders."
风陵渡位于芮城县黄河岸边，为黄河上重要的古渡口，传说女娲风姓之陵在此，故名风陵渡。
Fenglingdu (Ruicheng County): An important ancient ferry crossing on the Yellow River. Legend has it that the tomb of Nüwa (whose surname was Feng) is located here, giving the crossing its name.
池神庙位于运城市盐湖区盐池北岸，是中国唯一一座供奉盐神的庙宇，建于盐池之畔，可俯瞰七彩盐湖。
Chishen Temple (Salt God Temple, Yanhu District, Yuncheng): Located on the north shore of the Salt Lake, this is the only temple in China dedicated to the god of salt. It overlooks the colorful salt lake, offering a stunning view.
从舜帝陵的德孝之光，到西侯度的第一把火；从黄河铁牛的雄浑气魄，到解州关帝庙的忠义千秋——运城线的每一处景点，都不是冷冰冰的遗迹，而是一段可以触摸、可以感知的文明温度。
From the virtuous light of Emperor Shun's Mausoleum, to the first sparks of fire at Xihoudu; from the mighty iron oxen of the Yellow River, to the eternal loyalty of the Guandi Temple in Jiezhou—every stop on the Yuncheng route is not a cold relic of the past, but a warm, tangible fragment of civilization that you can touch and feel.
沿着“华夏之根”运城线自驾，你不仅是在赶路，更是在与祖先隔空对话。车轮碾过的是黄土，心中升起的是自豪。文脉里的中国，运城等你。
Driving the "Roots of Chinese Civilization" route in Yuncheng, you’re not just traveling—you're holding a dialogue across time with your ancestors. Beneath your wheels lies the yellow earth; in your heart rises a sense of pride. Along the cultural landscape of China – Yuncheng awaits you.
（图源网络侵删）
(The image source is from the internet. If infringement, it will be deleted.)
来源：中华网综合整理
Source: Comprehensive collation by sx.china.com
